Treatment for these patients consist of a combination of several techniques that are surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Each of them will be more effective than the other depending on the type of cancer and the stage where they are. In fact, treatment depends on four factors: the type and extent of spread of the tumor, the patient’s health status and functional status of the various body systems (heart, liver, kidney, neurological, etc.)..

Lung cancer surgery is the treatment modality most likely to be curative, therefore, is resorted to if all of the cancer can not be removed and respiratory status of the patient to tolerate the removal of the portion of lung to be removed.

Small cell lung cancers are very rarely operate, since it is almost always diagnosed extensive stage when only limited is operable. Approximately half of non-small lung cancers can be removed due to its extension. It is therefore essential that there are no lymph metastasis and central area of the chest (mediastinum) are free of tumor and the tumor has not invaded ineradicable structures as the trachea, the aorta or the pleura.

You can remove only a small portion of the lung, if the tumor is very localized, to be called wedge resection or segmentectomy.

If you removed a lobe of the lung is called lobectomy.

If you remove the entire lung, it is called pneumonectomy.

The patient will be admitted after the operation for one or two weeks. Some will need physical therapy to regain normal lung capacity soon.

After this period back home with some limitations. Among the possible complications of the surgery are bleeding, wound infection and pneumonia.

The non-small lung cancers are classified into several stages or phases following a fairly complex system known by the acronym TNM. The staging of the tumor is very important because it can, first, to distinguish patients cured of which are not and, secondly, to calculate the probability of being cured.

The T refers to tumor size. It is classified between T1 and T4, as the more bulky tumor affecting nearby structures or important as the main bronchi, arteries, or the heart itself.

The N indicates whether or not they affected the nearby lymph nodes. N0 means that they are not. The lymph node involvement is an important prognostic factor that graduates from N1 to N3. In particular it is vital to know whether or not invaded most central nodes of the thorax, a region known as the mediastinum. In general, involvement of the mediastinum means the tumor is inoperable.

M indicates if no metastasis (M0) or, conversely, if the cancer has already branched out to distant organs (M1).