800 thousand men and 300 women die each year due to contracted lung cancer. This was revealed by the Spanish Association of People Affected by Lung Cancer (Aeacap), which has been presented in Valencia in order to inform and sensitize people about the dangers of this disease and its underlying causes .

The event was attended Aeacap presentation of the Minister of Health, Manuel Cervera, Sangonzalo Navy psychologist, Dr. and representative of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) Dolores Isla, and the doctor representative to the Spanish Group for Lung Cancer ( GECP) Massuti Bartomeu.

Aeacap already has 120 members. Its president, Bernard Gaspar announced that the intention is to be made ​​and information sessions begin with a health school which provide free workshops for people to leave the snuff and Educate the public about the dangers of smoking.

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Some of the causes of cancer are smoking, prolonged exposure to carcinogens, genetic predisposition, smoking marijuana, sucking talcum powder, air pollution and excess or deficiency of vitamin A. These factors can lead to malignant cells individually. Anyway, in most cases it is a multiplicity of factors.

Those who have cough or pain in the chest area in addition to releasing blood from the mouth, snoring, having both face and swollen neck, feeling short of breath and make a whistle on your breathing will be eligible to receive adequate treatment for lung cancer .

Generally, the disease is detected when it is well advanced. The diagnostic methods used are radiologic studies, CT scans and positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, sputum cytology, bronchoscopy, mediastinoscopy, bone marrow biopsy and blood tests.

While lung cancer is treatable with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, only 15% of patients survive.

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The most shocking thing about this discovery is that the consumption of the vitamin above helps smokers to be free from lung cancer. The low probability of contracting the disease is up to 50 percent, a truly shocking number.

Vitamin B6 can be taken as tablets by different multivitamins, however, is present in regular diet of people that were seen in meat, fish, nuts and other similar foods.

In addition it should be noted that consumption of vitamin B6 is not only important to lower the likelihood of any cancer disease, but also serves to maintain strong and undamaged DNA.

With regard to lung cancer, specialists claimed that, despite taking vitamins help to lower risk, then the best option to escape suffering is to quit. Snuff consumption is the main cause of lung cancer deaths, and there is no doubt that vitamin is strong enough to stop the damage caused by snuff and nicotine.

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This time the news comes from the John Hopkins School of Medicine, where a group of researchers conducted a study that relates to the broccoli to the prevention of lung cancer published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

Studying the lungs of 39 patients, researchers found that lung cancer can be prevented by adding broccoli to your diet, which helps protect NFR2 gene activity, which produces a protein that regulates many of the processes that allow us to eliminate toxins from the lungs.

By adding broccoli to feed the defenses of the patients returned to normal and the body’s antioxidative activity was restored to baseline, which ranks this plant as a resource to draw upon to prevent lung cancer is in the case of non-smokers or addicted to snuff consumption.

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TREATMENTS OF LUNG CANCER

The prognosis and choice of treatment depend on the extent to which stage the cancer, tumor size or type of lung cancer.

The surgery involves removing the tumor and some tissue from the surrounding area and is often used in the early stages of the disease

Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells.

Radiation therapy using high energy X-rays to kill cancer cells and shrink the tumor.

OTHER INFORMATION

The doctor needs to know the stage of the cancer to plan treatment.

The staging of non-small cell lung involves the following steps:

Occult stage. Cancer cells are found in sputum, but you can not find any tumor in the lung.

Stage 0. The cancer is located in one area, in some cell layers only, and no growth through the lining of the lung. Another term for this type of lung cancer is “carcinoma in situ.

Stage I. The cancer is found only in the lung and is surrounded by normal tissue.

Stage II The cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes.

Stage III. The cancer has spread to the chest wall or diaphragm near the lung, or the cancer has spread to lymph nodes in the area that separates the two lungs (mediastinum) lymph nodes or across the chest, or neck.

Stage IV. The cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Recurrent cancer has come back after receiving treatment.

In the staging of small cell lung discusses the stages that follow:
- Limited stage: Cancer is found only in one lung and nearby lymph nodes.
Extensive stage cancer has spread outside the lung where it began to other tissues of the chest or other body parts.
- Recurrent stage. The disease has recurred after being treated, whether in the lungs or other body part.

Source: www.dmedicina.com/enfermedades/cancer/cancer-pulmon
image source: www.qualityhealth.com/resources/creative/adam/graphics/images/en/9939.jpg

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People who suffer

People over fifty years of age who have smoked cigarettes for many years.
The incidence of lung cancer among women in general has increased, which is clearly attributable to the increased number of women who smoke.

Symptoms

Cough or chest pain does not go away and may be accompanied by expectoration.
A whistle in breathing, shortness of breath.
Coughing or spitting up blood.
Hoarseness or swelling of the face and neck.
Design or feeling of breathlessness

PREVENTION OF LUNG CANCER

The main way to prevent lung cancer is to quit smoking or avoid smoke snuff, in the case of non-smokers. It is also important to avoid potential carcinogens that may be in the normal environment (work and home).

TYPES OF LUNG CANCER

According to the appearance of the cells to be examined under a microscope, lung cancers can be divided into two types:

Lung cancer non-small cell. Is associated with having smoked before, having lived with a smoker or smokers or being exposed to radon. The main types of lung cancer non-small cell are named depending on the type of cells found in cancer: squamous cell carcinoma (also called squamous cell carcinoma), adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma.

Lung cancer small cell. Found in people who smoke or used to smoke cigarettes.

DIAGNOSTIC OF LUNG CANCER

Because lung cancer symptoms often do not manifest until the disease is advanced, only 15 percent of cases are detected in its early stages. Many lung cancer cases are diagnosed in early stage by accident, which means they are detected as a result of medical tests carried out due to other unrelated health problem.

A biopsy of lung tissue serves to confirm or refute a possible diagnosis of cancer as well as provide valuable information to determine the appropriate treatment. If it is eventually detected lung cancer, additional tests will be conducted to determine how far the disease has spread.

Medical history and physical examination: The medical history was recorded risk factors and symptoms of the patient. The physical examination provides information about signs of lung cancer and other health problems.
Imaging studies: These studies use X-rays, magnetic fields, sound waves or radioactive substances to create images inside the body. Frequently used imaging studies to detect lung cancer and determine the body part where you have spread. It performs a chest x-ray to see if there is any mass or spot on the lungs.

Computed tomography (CT): Gives more detailed information about the size, shape and position of a tumor and can help detect enlarged lymph nodes that may contain a cancer from the lung. CT scans are more sensitive than routine chest radiographs for detecting early-stage cancers.

Tests of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make modern computers detailed cross-sectional images. These images are similar to those produced with computed tomography, but are even more accurate in detecting spread of lung cancer to the brain or spinal cord.

Positron emission tomography (PET) uses a radioactive tracer sensitive low dose that accumulates in cancerous tissues. Bone scans require the injection of a small amount of radioactive substance into a vein. This substance accumulates in abnormal areas of bone that may result from the spread of cancer.

Sputum cytology: is examined under the microscope a sample of sputum to see if it contains cancer cells. * Needle biopsy: A needle is inserted into the mass while the lungs are displayed on a computer tomograph. Then a sample of the mass and observed through a microscope for cancer cells.

Bronchoscopy: We introduce a flexible, lighted tube through the mouth into the bronchi. This procedure can help find tumors located centrally or obstructions in the lungs. Also be used to take biopsies or remove fluids to be examined with a microscope to see if they contain cancer cells.

Mediastinoscopy: Make a small cut in the neck and a lighted tube is inserted behind the sternum. Can use special tools that are handled through this tube to take a sample of tissue from the mediastinal lymph nodes (along the trachea and main areas of bronchial tubes). The observation of the samples under a microscope can show if cancer cells.

Bone marrow biopsy: A needle is used to remove a cylindrical core of bone of approximately 1.5 mm wide and 2.5 inches long. Usually, the sample is taken from the back of the hip bone and studied under a microscope to see if cancer cells.

Blood tests: It is often carried out some blood tests to help detect if lung cancer has spread to the liver or bones, as well as for diagnosing certain paraneoplastic syndromes.

Source: www.dmedicina.com/enfermedades/cancer/cancer-pulmon
image source: www.pharmas.co.uk/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/lung-cancer-xray-main_full.jpg

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The lungs are a pair of organs that give oxygen to the body and expel carbon dioxide, a waste product produced by the body’s cells. The bronchi, meanwhile, are tubes through which inspired air reaches from the mouth to the lungs are divided into other smaller and smaller tubes, called bronchioles, to form the alveoli, which is where exchange occurs of venous blood gases.

Lung cancer is caused by overgrowth of malignant cells in this organ, and if not diagnosed early can move to other organs of the body.

Most forms of lung cancer in the cells of the lungs, but cancer can also spread (metastasize) to the lung from other parts of the body. Lung cancer is the most common, either in men or women, and most importantly, is the most common cause of cancer deaths in both men and women.

CAUSES

Snuff. Is the main cause. Snuff smoke, with its high concentration of carcinogens, goes straight into the air and is inhaled by smokers as nonsmokers. Quitting smoking also significantly reduces the risk of other diseases related to snuff, such as heart disease, emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Effects of radon. Radon is a radioactive gas that is found in rocks and soil of the earth, formed by the natural decay of radium. Being invisible and odorless, the only way to determine if one is exposed to the gas is to measure their levels. In addition, exposure to radon combined with smoking significantly increases the risk of lung cancer. Therefore, for smokers, exposure to radon is an even greater risk.

Exposure to carcinogens. Asbestos is perhaps the best known industrial substance associated with lung cancer, but there are many others: uranium, arsenic, certain petroleum products, etc.

Genetic predisposition. It is known that cancer can be caused by mutations (changes) of DNA which activate oncogenes or inactivate the tumor suppressor genes. Some people inherit DNA mutations from their parents, which greatly increases the risk of developing cancer.

Cancer-causing agents in the workplace. Among those at risk are miners who inhaled radioactive minerals such as uranium, and workers exposed to chemicals such as arsenic, vinyl chloride, nickel chromates, coal-based products, mustard gas and chloromethyl ethers.

Marijuana. Marijuana cigarettes contain more tar than the snuff. Also, the smoke is inhaled deeply and held in the lungs for a long time. In addition, smoked marijuana cigarettes until the end where tar content is higher.
Recurrent inflammation. Tuberculosis and some types of pneumonia often leave scars in the lung. These scars increase the risk that the person develops lung cancer called adenocarcinoma.

Talcum powder. Studies carried out in talc miners and millers suggest that they have a higher risk of developing the disease due to their exposure to industrial grade talc. This dust, in its natural form may contain asbestos.

Other types of exposure to mineral People with silicosis and berylliosis (lung disease caused by breathing in certain minerals) also have an increased risk of lung cancer.

Excess or deficiency of vitamin A. People who do not get enough vitamin A are at increased risk of lung cancer. On the other hand, taking too much vitamin A may also increase the risk of developing lung cancer.

Air pollution. In some cities, air pollution may slightly increase the risk of lung cancer. This risk is much lower than that caused by smoking.

Source: www.dmedicina.com/enfermedades/cancer/cancer-pulmon
image source: http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_LCkoEth_DvA/SSlsiF1TTKI/AAAAAAAAAAk/Bpdjo8O4Erw/S1600-R/lung+cancer.jpg

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Lung cancer is not caused only by cigarette smoking, but also because smoking pipe and joints. The years a person smoked, the amount of snuff that smokes a day and even the intensity with which inhaled smoke are factors affecting the risk of lung cancer. Furthermore, the risk is much higher when inhaling secondhand smoke, this is also cigarette smoke from a smoking another person is nearby.

Snuff harmful substances.

The snuff has substances that promote cancer development. These substances are called carcinogens cause specific alterations in the cells causing abnormally proliferate and give rise to malignant tumors. Some of these carcinogens act directly on the cell and others act through an indirect mechanism, ie, they need to undergo some change to act as producers of cancer.

Snuff the smoke of 43 substances are harmful, a major benzopyrene is found in an amount of 20-40 mg per cigarette and acts indirectly. Also nicotine is able to inhibit several receptors that suppress the growth of the lungs.

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Symptoms:

The characteristic symptoms are:

• Cough or chest pain does not go away and may be accompanied by expectoration.
• A breath wheezing, shortness of breath.
• Coughing or spitting up blood.
• Hoarseness or swelling of the face or neck.
• Design or shortness of breath.
• Repeated episodes of pneumonia and bronchitis.

Although since the lungs are so large, the cancer can invade, grow and even spread them out of the lungs without any noticeable symptoms and without detection.

Types:

According to the appearance of the cells to be examined under a microscope, lung cancers can be divided into two types:

• Lung cancer, small cell. Is associated with having smoked before, having lived with a smoker or smokers or being exposed to radon. The main types of lung cancer non-small cell are named depending on the type of cells found in cancer: squamous cell carcinoma (also called squamous cell carcinoma), adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma.
• Lung cancer, small cell. Found in people who smoke or used to smoke cigarettes.

Treatment:

As with all cancers, lung cancer can be treated with surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy or the combination of the above. Treatment depends on the type of cancer and the extension.

Surgery

Surgery offers the best chance of curing lung cancer is the treatment of choice for early stage cancer in non-small cell, but not very effective for cancers at more advanced stages. Is performed when the tumor is confined to the lung and when the procedure can be performed safely. The surgery involves removing the cancer and lymph nodes in the chest. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are rarely a remedy, and usually are used to reduce advanced tumors unresectable.

The right lung has three lobes (right upper lobe, right middle lobe and right lower lobe) and left lung has two lobes (the left upper lobe and left lower lobe). Segmentectomy or wedge resection is the removal of part of the lobe, a lobectomy is the removal of the entire lobe and a pneumonectomy is the removal of the entire pulmón.La most common surgery for lung cancer is lobectomy.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy involves the administration of drugs that kill cancer, usually intravenously. It can be used to shrink a cancerous tumor before surgery to prevent cancer recurrence after surgery, or cancer patients who have extensive and can not be resected. There are different chemotherapy drugs and their side effects vary depending on them. Chemotherapy alone does not cure non-small cell cancer, but it is the primary treatment for small cell lung cancer.

Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy is an X-ray treatment that takes little time and is performed daily for several weeks. Like chemotherapy, can be performed before surgery, after surgery or after surgery. Side effects are minimal and can include fatigue, skin burns similar to those that happen when you take the sun, esophagitis and nausea. Although radiation can cure lung cancer from 5% to 10% of patients receiving therapy were considered cured.

Causes:

The following can cause damage to lung cells and lead to lung cancer:

“Smoking cigarettes, cigars or pipes or passive smoking.

• Asbestos (a group of minerals that occur naturally in fiber and are used in certain industries.)
• Radon (a radioactive gas, invisible, odorless and tasteless that is on earth and the stones).

Risk Factors:

A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease or condition.

“Smoking cigars.
Pipe or cigar smoking.
“Being exposed to secondhand cigarette smoke (passive smoking), also called snuff smoke from the environment (the smoke in the air when someone else smokes.)
“Exposure to radon.
“Exposure to asbestos.
“Lung diseases such as tuberculosis (TB).
-History of lung cancer.
“Exposure to certain environmental pollutants, such as products used in the combustion of diesel and other fossil fuels, are associated with lung cancer, although the relationship is still not very clear.
Coal-dust.

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Australian researchers have identified a particular component of vitamin E known as tocotrienols (T3), which can inhibit the growth of prostate tumors.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in developed countries and is responsible for …

more male deaths than any other cancer except lung cancer.

Current chemotherapy and hormonal therapy treatment of prostate cancer is not sufficient for the regeneration of the tumors, but the research team have discovered a particular form of T3, called gamma-tocotrienol (γ-T3) that could ultimately with prostate cancer.

At present there is no effective treatment for metastatic prostate cancer, and regrowth after conventional therapy in over 70 percent of cases, “the researchers said.

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