800 thousand men and 300 women die each year due to contracted lung cancer. This was revealed by the Spanish Association of People Affected by Lung Cancer (Aeacap), which has been presented in Valencia in order to inform and sensitize people about the dangers of this disease and its underlying causes .

The event was attended Aeacap presentation of the Minister of Health, Manuel Cervera, Sangonzalo Navy psychologist, Dr. and representative of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) Dolores Isla, and the doctor representative to the Spanish Group for Lung Cancer ( GECP) Massuti Bartomeu.

Aeacap already has 120 members. Its president, Bernard Gaspar announced that the intention is to be made ​​and information sessions begin with a health school which provide free workshops for people to leave the snuff and Educate the public about the dangers of smoking.

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Not accompanied by lymphadenopathy or atelectasis.  not fall within this definition because they tend to be cancer. Up to 90% of cases is an incidental finding, may appear in 0.2% of RX and its incidence is increasing since the introduction of CT screening population studies of lung cancer. The role of radiologists is essential in their management.

Among the most important objectives of the evaluation of the NPS are:

• The possibility of early diagnosis of lung cancer, as I do on stage of disease, significantly increases survival to about 70% healing in a type of tumor in which the overall mortality reached 80%.
• By radiological study, to determine as precisely as possible the chance of malignancy or benign image in order to avoid the higher number of aggressive tests for the patient. However, the definitive diagnosis can only be known by biopsy.

There are some clinical factors that are routinely taken into account in the study of a NPS

Factors associated with benign :

Stability of the nodule or two years (assessed by RX or previous TAC).
or Age below 35 years and above without risk factors as smoking, lung diseases related to increased incidence of cancer or exposure to carcinogens.

Factors associated with increased risk of malignancy:
or lung cancer increases with age, is rare before age 40 but increase from this age up to 80
or in a similar situation snuff consumption, women now have higher risks of lung cancer than males .
or history of smoking, with the number of cigarettes smoked and years of consumption, bearing in mind that although the risk of cancer decreases after quitting smoking, never equals that of never smokers .
or history of lung cancer or other location as well as lung disease: idiopathic fibrosis, pneumoconiosis, radiation, or connective tissue that is accompanied by vasculitis.
or exposure to substances such as asbestos, radioactive gas, uranium or heavy metals such as cadmium and nickel

The highest percentage of NPS is for benign nodules: benign neoplasms, inflammatory, vascular origin, rheumatic, traumatic, congenital or infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and histioplasmosis. About 50% are malignant nature. Among the malignant less than 10 mm in diameter, 41% are bronchogenic carcinomas in patients with no history of cancer and metastasis 23% .

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A pulmonary nodule is a relatively spherical radiographic opacity, abnormal lung tissue, with a size equal to or less than 3 cm. and usually are diagnosed by chest radiography.

Pulmonary calcifications are calcium deposits in the lung that are associated with various diseases and conditions that predispose to its occurrence. May be presented in two forms: metastatic and dystrophic. The first is calcium deposit on healthy lung tissue, and second, on injured lung tissue.

In 60% of cases of solitary pulmonary nodules are benign.
It is important to verify its benign character, taking into account the following radiological criteria:

• The size: The smaller most likely benign.
• Presence of calcification: Especially if they are centrally located or in sheets. In these cases are probably benign, but do not ensure benignity. Are suggestive of malignancy eccentric calcifications, dystrophic, irregular or asymmetric.
• Outline: Indicates a benign lesion with rounded contours and well-defined borders. The edges lobed, irregular, and the presence of the sign of the Crown, are those of the NPS malignant.
• Doubling time of the nodule volume: it is an attempt to assess the growth rate of injury and may help to differentiate between benign and malignant nodules. Keep in mind that the duplication refers to the volume of the nodule and not the diameter. The calculation is done by multiplying the diameter of the lesion by 1.25. Benign nodules have very long times, averaging more than 400 days or do not grow. The primary or secondary malignant doubling between 20 and 400 days.
• Geographic location: In areas of high incidence of histoplasmosis

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The lungs are two spongy organs and lightweight, the largest in the body, which are located in the thoracic cavity, the two are not exactly alike.

The right lung is larger than the left, this is because the heart is located there. The right lung is divided into three parts, called lobes, and left in two.

The lungs are covered by a membrane that protects and gives elasticity to facilitate their movement, called the pleura. There are various structures in and out of the lungs and performing different functions.

Through movement of the chest bellows, the lungs breathe in the ambient air to remove atmospheric oxygen and expel the air inside the lungs to remove carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide (CO2). Inspired air passes through the larynx and trachea where it is distributed through the bronchi to the lungs.

The trachea, which carries oxygen from the mouth and nostrils, at the height of the lungs are divided into two pipes or tubes are bronchi.

The bronchi and within the lungs, are the “pipelines” that circulate the air and branch into multiple tubes, called bronchioles.

The bronchioles have some endings shaped cluster of grapes, tiny, called alveoli. These are small cavities that are in contact with the blood vessels supplying the lungs.

There are other structures that are the veins and arteries that are responsible for transporting blood from the lungs to the body and down towards the lungs.

Blood reaches the alveoli and that’s where gases are exchanged, leaving the carbon dioxide in the lungs to be expelled and oxygen in the blood to take him through the body.

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